Haemophilia is an inherited genetic disorder that impairs the human body’s natural ability to form blood clots, a process that is imperative to stop bleeding. The harmful results of this condition are responsible for patients losing blood for a longer duration following an injury, easy bruising and an increased risk of bleeding inside joints or even the brain. This rare but severe ailment can have life-threatening complications. Although it is not entirely curable, it can be treated to minimize the symptoms and prevent health complication in the future. (1)

The three forms of this disease include Haemophilia A, B, C. Haemophilia A is the most common, caused by a deficiency in factor VIII. Haemophilia B, also referred to as Christmas Disease, is caused by the deficiency of factor IX. Haemophilia C is a mild form of the disease caused by deficiency of factor IX. (2)

Symptoms

The symptoms depend on the severity of the factor deficiency of the patient. While those with a mild deficiency may bleed only during traumatic situations, those with a severe form of this disease may lose blood for no real reason, which is termed as ‘spontaneous bleeding’ in medical terminology. The condition can also attack young children around the age of two years.
Spontaneous bleeding may cause the following: (2)

• Blood in the urine or stool
• Deep, unexplained bruises
• Excessive bleeding
• Bleeding gums
• Frequent nosebleeds
• Pain in the joints
• Irritability (mainly in children)

Treatment

The prime treatment for a severe case of Haemophilia involves receiving replacement of the specific clotting factor that the patient needs through a tube placed in a vein. This therapy can be provided to control a bleeding episode that is in progress or can even be administered regularly at home to prevent such outbreaks altogether. (3)

Other methods of therapy include: (3)

• Desmopressin– This hormone stimulates the body to release more clotting factor and is especially useful during the treatment of mild haemophilia.
• Clot-preserving medicines– They help to prevent the clots from breaking down.
• Fibrin sealants– These medicines are applied directly to wound sites to promote clotting and healing.
• First aid– Applying pressure and bandage will arrest bleeding, especially for minor cuts.
• Vaccinations– Patients who have Haemophilia should consider receiving immunization against Hepatitis A and B.

Some simple lifestyle and home remedies to avoid excessive bleeding and protect your joints: (3)

• Exercise regularly: Activities such as swimming, bicycle riding and walking can build up muscles and help to protect the joints. Contact sports — such as football, hockey or wrestling — are not safe for people with haemophilia.
• Avoid certain pain medications: Certain drugs like Ibuprofen and Aspirin can aggravate bleeding, so it is always best to consult your doctor before starting any medication course.
• Avoid blood-thinning medications:Blood thinners that prevent blood from clotting should only be consumed as per the prescription of a qualified doctor.
• Practice good dental hygiene:The goal is to prevent tooth extraction, which is often a cause of excessive bleeding.
• Protect your child from injuries that could cause bleeding: Kneepads, elbow pads, helmets and safety belts may help to keep your little ones away from injuries stemming from falls and other accidents.

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Disclaimer

Anzen Export’s blog posts have been written with the information gathered from approved medical journals and websites online. Our research and technical team strives to provide relevant information through such articles. To be best informed, we advise consulting a doctor about an ingredient or medicine prior to taking it.

References:

1. Haemophilia Foundation [online]. Available at:  https://www.haemophilia.org.au/about-bleeding-disorders/haemophilia#splash-timed
2. Healthline [online]. Available at:  https://www.healthline.com/health/hemophilia
3. Mayo Clinic [online]. Available at:  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemophilia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373333